1 mark for each correct row Incorrect statement number Corrected statement The Program Counter (PC) stores the address of the next instruction to be fetched from memory.

1 mark for: 0010 0010 1110 1 mark for: 22E

1 mark each to max 4 e.g. • Uses image recognition // optical character recognition • to analyse a photograph/pixels to identify the location of characters within an image • in order to convert the pattern of pixels into individual characters • Uses natural language • to combine the characters into words • and compare the words to database to identify a match in the language of the writing • it may also predict what is missing / incomplete / from what has been read • then compare the words to a database of the user’s chosen language to find a match and translate • Uses text-to-speech • to generate the audio waveforms corresponding to the words

1 mark each: • X = (R NOR S) XOR T • Y = (T AND U) OR U

1 mark each to max 2 • To remove the many-to-many relationship • between CHARACTER and ITEM tables • To allow each character to have many items // to allow each item to be purchased for many characters • by creating a linking table • between the characters and the items purchased for each one

1 mark for each point • Select COUNT • FROM (using correct tables) and joining • WHERE (or AND) condition for correct username Example 1: SELECT COUNT(ItemName) FROM CHARACTER_ITEM INNER JOIN CHARACTER ON CHARACTER.CharacterID = CHARACTER_ITEM.CharacterID WHERE CHARACTER.Username = "KAT123"; Example 2: SELECT COUNT(ItemName) FROM CHARACTER_ITEM, CHARACTER WHERE CHARACTER.CharacterID = CHARACTER_ITEM.CharacterID AND CHARACTER.Username = "KAT123";

1 mark each to max 2 • In a WAN devices can connect over a larger geographical area in a LAN devices connect over a smaller geographical area • A WAN may use non-dedicated hardware the hardware in a LAN is usually dedicated • A WAN uses external / not company owned transmission media // the transmission media for a LAN is usually company owned

1 mark each • Server directly connected to the switch • Four labelled computers all connected directly to the switch • Two printers each directly connected to the switch / server / a computer • Router / modem directly connected to the switch / server for internet access e.g. Example only

1 mark for each shaded section Instruction address ACC Memory address

2 1(c) 1 mark each to max 4 • At the start / end of FE cycle the interrupt register is checked • The priority of any interrupts waiting is checked • if the priority of the interrupt is higher than the current process • the contents of the registers are stored on the stack • The relevant Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) / interrupt handler is called to process the interrupt • When the ISR has finished, a further check is made for higher priority interrupts • if no more interrupts of higher priority, the register contents are restored and the next FE cycle continues 4

2 2(b)(i) 1 mark for: -30 2(b)(ii) 1 mark for smallest, 1 mark for largest Smallest: 1000 0000 Largest: 0111 1111 2(c) 1 mark for application and 1 mark for corresponding justification e.g. • an application that performs financial / banking calculations • because financial transactions use only two decimal places and must be accurate, no accumulating / rounding errors and it is difficult to represent decimal values exactly in normal binary. Or • electronic displays • because visual displays only need to show individual digits • because conversion between denary and BCD is straightforward Or • The storage of the date and time in the BIOS of a PC • because conversion between denary and BCD is more straightforward Or • Barcode systems • because conversion between denary and BCD can be accurately completed 2

2 3(c)(i) 1 mark each to max 3 • The program is usually sold for a fee • Users have no access to source code • It protects the intellectual rights of the programmer / developer • Users cannot legally alter or share the program • There are limitations on the use of the software e.g. number of times it can be installed • Support and maintenance is usually provided e.g. updates, bug fixes etc.

2 4(b) 1 mark for first four rows, 1 mark for second four rows A B C Working space X 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 2

2 5(b) 1 mark for the three single Primary Keys 1 mark for the composite key USER(Username, Password, DateOfBirth) CHARACTER(CharacterName, CharacterID, Username, Level, Money) ITEM(ItemName, MinimumLevel, Cost) CHARACTER_ITEM(CharacterID, ItemName) 5(c)(i) 1 mark for method 1 mark for matching explanation e.g. • Access rights • appropriate permissions for the table USER are needed to read or edit the data • A password for the database or the USER table • prevents users without the password from accessing the data • Encrypting the database • stops users without the decryption key from decoding / understanding the data • Views • users can be given a view to the database that does not include the data in the table USER

2 6(b) 1 mark each to max 4 e.g. • Land is split into cells designed for maximum line of sight • Each cell has a tower with an antenna which receives and transmits data • Data is transmitted between the tower and the phone • Data transmission is wireless using low power radio signals/frequencies • Multiple devices can communicate simultaneously with the same tower

2 7(b)(i) 1 mark for: 1111 1111 7(b)(ii) 1 mark for: 0000 0011

3 The Control Unit (CU) sends signals to other components on the control bus.

3 3(c)(ii) 1 mark each to max 3 e.g. • The source code would be accessible therefore it could be changed • which might lead to the program outputting an incorrect response • so people could purchase the wrong item • which might have serious consequences // by example e.g. allergies 3

3 5(d)(ii) 1 mark for each point • UPDATE character • SET level and money • WHERE condition e.g. UPDATE CHARACTER SET Level = 3, Money = 10000.00 WHERE CharacterID = "0002"; 3

3 7(a)(ii) 1 mark from: • The number 10 will be loaded into the ACC instead of 12 / contents of address 10 • The addition will give 20 not 22 so the comparison will fail and result in an infinite loop 7(a)(iii) 1 mark for name of mode, 1 mark for matching description e.g. • Indirect • The operand points to the memory location that contains the address of the data • Indexed • The address of the data is formed by adding the contents of the Index Register (IX) to the operand • Relative • The address is calculated using its distance from a base address

4 The Memory Data Register (MDR) holds data to be stored in the memory address in the MAR. // The Memory Data Register (MDR) holds data read from the memory address in the MAR 1(b) 1 mark for name, 1 mark for corresponding role e.g. • Current Instruction Register // CIR • To store the instruction to be decoded / executed next • Status register // SR • To contain bits that can be referenced individually to indicate a state or event • Interrupt register • To store details of any interrupts that have occurred

4 3(b) 1 mark each to max 2 e.g. • It can help people with visual impairment to identify which products to purchase • It can help people who cannot understand the language • It can help to overcome learning / reading difficulties

4 5(c)(ii) 1 mark each to max 2 e.g. • Validation • Enforce referential integrity • Cascade update / delete • Ensuring the database is normalised 2

4 6(c) 1 mark for each correct word • full stops • hexadecimal • zeros • • dynamic • private IPv4 is made of four groups of 8-bit numbers separated by full stops. Each IPv4 address is 32 bits. IPv6 is made of eight groups of 4 hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. Multiple consecutive groups of zeros can be replaced with a double colon. Each IPv6 address is 128 bits. A dynamic IP address can change each time the computer connects to a network. A private IP address can only be accessed by other devices in the same LAN and is assigned by the router within the LAN.

4 6(e) 1 mark each to max 3 e.g. • To store the MAC addresses of devices connected to it • To receive packets from devices • To forward packets directly to the intended recipient • To provide a central point of connection for the network • to enable connected devices to communicate

22 100 101 102 103 107 22